[山姆会员网上商店]山姆大叔无力独支消费大厦


英语阅读 2020-01-31 17:06:09 英语阅读
[摘要]虽然消费者收入在经济衰退中受到了冲击,但政府已帮助稳定了实得工资。不过,除非就业增长大幅提高,否则山姆大叔可能会被要求再次伸出援手。Even as consumer incomes have with

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虽然消费者收入在经济衰退中受到了冲击,但政府已帮助稳定了实得工资。不过,除非就业增长大幅提高,否则山姆大叔可能会被要求再次伸出援手。
Even as consumer incomes have withered in this recession, the government has helped stabilize take-home pay. Unless job growth improves drastically, Uncle Sam may be asked to help out again.
  
周三上午美国经济分析局将公布11月份个人收入和支出数据。经济学家估计,收入将比10月份增长0.5%,而支出将增长0.6%。
The Bureau of Economic Analysis on Wednesday morning is due to report personal income and spending data for November. Economists estimate incomes rose 0.5% from October and that spending rose 0.6%.
  
根据美国劳工部的最新就业报告,11月份的平均时薪上升了1美分,但收入也可能得益于较长的工作时间:11月份的工作时间为每周33.2小时,高于10月份的33小时。这看起来微不足道,但却是2003年以来的最大增幅。
Average hourly earnings rose by one penny in November, according to the Labor Department"s latest employment report, but incomes likely benefited from a longer work week, which rose to 33.2 hours from 33 in October. It sounds insignificant, but it was the biggest such gain since 2003.
  
一个粗略的计算显示,工作时间较长和小时工资的微幅提高可能增加了180亿美元的折合成年率税前收入。
The longer week and the tiny raise in hourly pay may have added $18 billion to annualized before-tax income, a rough calculation shows.
  
不幸的是,这很难开始修复经济衰退期间消费者收入的损失。从高峰到低谷,消费者折合成年率的税前收入损失了3,400亿美元。过去3个季度与上年同期相比的收入跌幅是60年来最大的。
Unfortunately, that hardly begins to repair the damage done to consumer incomes during this recession. From peak to trough, consumers lost $340 billion in annualized pretax income. Year-over-year income declines in the past three quarters have been the deepest in 60 years.
  
这主要是由于工资和薪金的大幅减少。由于凶猛的裁员潮,第三季度的薪资比上年同期下降了3.6%,创出了另一个60年的纪录。其它主要现金来源,如经营者收入、利息和股息等下跌的幅度更大。
That has mainly been due to a collapse in wages and salaries, which in the third quarter were down 3.6% from a year ago, another 60-year record, the result of deep job cuts. Other major cash fonts, such as proprietors" income and interest and dividend payments, fell even more sharply.
  
失业救济和其它政府福利有助于抵消税前收入的下降,但并不能完全弥补。
Unemployment and other government benefits helped offset those declines in pretax income, but not entirely.
  
过去对消费者至为关键的还有税收减免和福利。这些措施让税后收入在经济衰退期间保持了增长。这种支持让消费者获得了急需的支出现金,缓解了经济衰退的阵痛。
Also key for consumers were tax breaks and benefits. These kept disposable, or after-tax, income growing throughout the recession. The support gave consumers much-needed spending cash and eased the downturn"s sting.
  
由于房屋、汽车和其它商品的信贷等原因,以及对失业救济的部分所得税减免,消费者的纳税额从2008年第一季度折合成年率的1.5亿美元降至2009年第三季度的不到1.1亿美元。
Thanks partly to credits for home, car and other purchases, along with partial income-tax breaks on jobless benefits, consumers have gone from paying taxes at an annualized rate of $1.5 trillion in the first quarter of 2008 to less than $1.1 trillion in the third quarter of 2009.

不断膨胀的政府赤字意味着税款不能长久下降。就业必须取代政府成为对消费者收入的支撑。如果没有任何支撑,总体经济复苏可能会胎死腹中。
Ballooning government deficits mean the decline in tax payments can"t become permanent. Employment must replace government support to consumer incomes. Without either prop, the broader recovery could stall before it gets going.

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