介绍天津特色文化_天津文化介绍(英文版)

【www.jianqiaoenglish.com--英语文化】

语言

People from urban Tianjin speak Tianjin dialect, which comes under the Mandarin subdivision of spoken Chinese. Despite its proximity to Beijing, Tianjin dialect sounds quite different from Beijing dialect, which provides the basis for Putonghua, the official spoken language of the People"s Republic of China.

饮食

Tianjin cuisine places a heavy focus on seafood, due to Tianjin"s proximity to the sea. Prominent menus include the Eight Great Bowls (八大碗), a combination of eight mainly meat dishes. It can be further classified into several varieties, including the rough (粗), smooth (细), and high (高). The Four Great Stews (四大扒) actually refers to a very large number of stews, including chicken, duck, seafood, beef, and mutton.

Tianjin also has several famous snack items. Goubuli (狗不理包子) is a famous and traditional brand of baozi (steamed buns with filling) that is famous throughout China. Guifaxiang (桂发祥麻花) is a traditional brand of mahua (twisted dough sticks). Erduoyan (耳朵眼炸糕) is a traditional brand of fried rice cakes.

Tianjin dining culture is renowned throughout China, and not only the traditional Tianjin snacks, but the cuisines from other regions of China can also be found. Food Street is a fairly good place for you to sample these cross-cultural Chinese dishes. These traditional and famed snacks cannot be missed should you ever come to visit this charming municipality.

Three top snacks of Tianjin
Shiba Jie Mahua (fried dough twist)
Shiba Jie Mahua is sweet-smelling and crispy. It cannot go bad even being stored for several months.

Goubuli Baozi (steamed stuffed bun)
Goubuli means the infant of a restaurateur; while Baozi means steamed stuffed bun. Goubuli Baozi has had more than 150 years of history. It is not an exaggeration to say that Goubuli Baozi is a food calling card of Tianjin. Now its chain restaurants can be found in Shanghai, Beijing, Shenzhen and other cities in China as well as cities in America, Japan and Korea.

Erduoyan Zhagao
With relatively fine ingredients and a renowned reputation in Tianjin, Erduoyan Zhagao is almost 100 years old.

Except for the traditional snacks mentioned above, exotic flavors can be enjoyed here as well. Korean, Japanese and other western style cuisines will make your mouth water and satisfy your stomach.

文化

Tianjin is a respected home base of Beijing opera, one of the most prestigious forms of Chinese opera.Tianjin is famous for its stand up comedy]and comedians including Guo Degang and Ma Sanli. Ma Sanli (马三立) (1914–2003), an ethnic Hui and longtime resident of Tianjin, is renowned for his xiangsheng (相声), a hugely popular form of Chinese entertainment similar to comedy. Ma Sanli delivered some of his xiangsheng in the Tianjin dialect. Tianjin, along with Beijing, is a center for the art of xiangsheng.

Yangliuqing (Green Willows), a town about 15 km west of Tianjin"s urban area and the seat of Tianjin"s Xiqing District, is famous for its popular Chinese New Year-themed, traditional-style, colourful wash paintings (杨柳青年画). Tianjin is also famous for Zhang"s clay figurines (泥人张) which are a type of colourful figurine depicting a variety of vivid characters, and Tianjin"s Wei"s kites (风筝魏), which can be folded to a fraction of their full sizes, are noted for portability.

旅游

Tianjin is one of the four municipalities in China. Its name means "the place where the emperor crossed the river. Facing the Bohai Sea, Tianjin, the one time imperial port, serves as Beijing"s vital gateway to the sea. In recent years Tianjin receives more and more attention from tourists due to its illustrious historical heritage and other travel resources.

It is no exaggeration to say that Tianjin bears a splendid historical background. However, it was desecrated by foreign invaders long before the foundation of People"s Republic of China. Tianjin was shared by nine countries: Italy, Germany, France, Russia, Great Britain, Austria, Japan and Belgium. This marked an extremely hard period for Tianjin and her people because those imperialist countries left permanent marks in her body, most notable of which were thousands of villas. Today those villas provide an exotic flavor to Tianjin, enhancing the beauty of the entire city.

Blessed with variety of tourist attractions, Tianjin is a good place to explore. The top ten  attractions in Tianjin, known as Jinmen Shijing, are Gu Wenhua Jie, Dagu Emplacement, Huangyaguan Great Wall, Dule Temple, Haihe River, Water Park, Panshan Mountain, Hotel Street and Food Street, Tianjin TV & Radio Tower and Zhonghuan Cailian. There are also many natural scenes of beauty as well as great historical events.

Getting in and out of the city is convenient because of the well-planned transportation system. If you want to come by water, there are a series of international and domestic sea routes in the port of Tianjin, which is the biggest man-made port in China. If you plan to arrive by air, Tianjin Binhai International Airport offers excellent service. Planes have routes that reach most of the major cities in China and also cities in Europe and America. Of course, arriving in Tianjin by land is another option, while trains or long-distance buses are yet another alternative. Various hotels, guesthouses and hostels can also meet your different needs. In addition, there are all types of entertainment available to relax both your body and mind.

Tianjin Ancient Cultural Street is located in the Nankai District of the Tianjin Municipality and was formally opened in 1986. It is located on the west bank of the Haihe River, with Tianhou Palace as its geographical center. Tianjin Ancient Cultural Street begins at Gongbei Avenue in the north, and ends at Gongnan Avenue in the south, being 0.36 miles long and 16 feet wide. Although essentially a business street, Tianjin Ancient Cultural Street attracts tourists who come to see its special architectural styles, admire its classic cultural features, buy various folk crafts, and sample the delicious local Tianjin snacks. Above all, as visitors walk along the street, they will be particularly impressed by the splendid replica classical architecture in the folk style of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911).

Standing at the center of Tianjin Ancient Cultural Street, Tianhou Palace, originally built in 1326, is one of only three Mazu Temples in the world (the other two are Fujian Mazu Temple and Beigang Chaotian Temple on Taiwan Island). Tianhou Palace is now the Folk-custom Museum of Tianjin and displays many folk crafts and cultural relics of ancient times. Yuhuang Cabinet (Yuhuang Ge) is the only building that was built during the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) in Tianjin, and is the oldest structure in the street. From the top of the two-floor Cabinet, visitors have a bird"s-eye view of the whole street. Another building, Tong Qingli (ancient residential houses), built in 1913 and lying to the east of the cultural street, is the largest architectural edifice that combines both eastern and western architectural elements.

Looking closely, visitors will note that buildings along the street are all built with "blue bricks", and that the doors and windows have colorful paintings drawn upon them. These paintings range from stories of legendary and historical figures to flowers and birds. Some retell stories contained in Chinese classical novels, such as The Dream of a Red Mansion (one the four Chinese classical novels) and Song of Eternal Sorrow, which is a story about the Empress Yang Kwei Fei in the Tang Dynasty (618-907).

Visitors who are interested in Chinese traditional handicrafts will also appreciate another Tianjin Ancient Cultural Street attraction - the hundreds of stores selling a wide variety of folk handicrafts. These include the famous Yang Liuqing New Year Paintings and Niren Zhang Painted Sculptures. Visitors who are fond of Chinese curios, such as jade items, cloisonné and potteries, will also be able to find many examples of these for sale here. The street is also a favorite place to sample the delicious Tianjin local snacks. The local delicacies include Goubuli Steamed Dumplings, Erduoyan (the Ear-hole Lane) Fried Glutinous Cakes and tea soup.

Tianjin Ancient Cultural Street is designed as a place for tourists to experience Chinese folk custom, and as such, contains examples of nearly all the Tianjin local culture in one place. For an added experience, when visiting the street on March 23rd (lunar calendar), visitors will be lucky enough to find the Huanghui Fair, which is held annually on this date. During the Fair you will see performances of stilt walking, dragon lantern, land boat and lion dances.

word/media/image7.png Tianjin Bus / Light Rail Search

Covering a catchment area of 317,800 sq kilometers (122,800 sq miles), the Haihe River is regarded as the "mother river" of Tianjin. It is a great contributor to the improvement of Tianjin, and ties closely to the lives of Tianjin people living there for generations. People visiting the Haihe River today appreciate its scenic beauty as well as its historical and cultural atmosphere.

The Haihe River is a crucial river in North China formed by the convergence of five rivers in Tianjin. Historically, the Haihe River was open to navigation 1,800 years ago, and gradually became a junction for navigation in the Sui Dynasty (581-618). Through centuries of development, it became a trading center gathering a great influx of businessmen from around the nation. Today the former shipping center is a place for relaxation.

Regions along the river present beautiful views starting from Sanchakou (a fork in the river) to Daguangming Bridge (one of the bridges over the Haihe River). Countless attractions along the banks make the river a popular holiday destination.

Haihe Park
Of all the sights, the Haihe Park is the most attractive. Like a jade belt attached to the river banks, Haihe Park is an ideal place for pleasure and rest. Two groups of bronze sculptures are particularly noticeable. Verdant trees, beautiful blossoms, green lawns, long corridors under ivy-laced frames, fountains, and sculptures decorate the park. Residents prefer to spend their leisure time ambleing there. Visitors can get a general knowledge of Tianjin from the locals.

Haihe Cultural Square
The Haihe Cultural Square is a key project in the comprehensive renovation of resorts along the Haihe River. It gained this name from the adjoining ancient culture street. Focusing on cultural traditions and folk customs of Tianjin, the designer endowed the square with a style of solemnity and simplicity. Meanwhile, a modern element enters the design. The high-tech lighting, the causeway pavement and the wooden floor make the square a shining pearl of the Haihe River bank.

Haihe Fountain Amusement Park
Completed in 1985, the playground occupies an area of 143,000 sq meters (35.3 acres). There is a spectacular colorful fountain in the central area. The park offers bumper cars, passenger-propelled airplanes, and motorcycles to visitors. In addition, in this playground are three luxurious sightseeing ships, and several speed boats offering tours along the Haihe River. Visitors can also enjoy a boat excursion at night. Light from both banks melts into the water and drifts off, like a rainbow.

In addition, the Wanghailou Church located at the north bank of the Haihe River is one of China"s cultural relics. In the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), there was a Wanghailou Tower, a pleasure location for emperors who made trips to their provinces; the Laolongtou Rail Station is recorded as the first rail station in China"s ancient commercial ports after the Second Opium War (1856-1860). Together with the establishment of other constructive projects at that time, it is eyewitness to Tianjin"s development.

With its long history and beauty, the Haihe River attracts visitors worldwide. It is a river endowed with sea strength and river tenderness.

Dabeiyuan Monastery is located on the Tianwei Road in Hebei District of Tianjin City. It is so named due to the Daci Dabei Kwan-yin it houses. The monastery is now the largest, oldest and best-preserved one in Tianjin.

Dabeiyuan Monastery was originally built in the end of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). Its golden age was in the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). It was damaged and renovated for several times during the vicissitude of the history.

The present monastery, covering an area of 10,600 sq.m. (about 2.62 acres), is composed of two parts: the West Monastery and the East Monastery. The west one was built in 1669 in the Qing Dynasty, while the east called New Temple was built in 1940 by the monk Long Xian.

The West Monastery is the site of Tianjin Buddhist Institute, including the Wenwu Hall and Buddhist Abbot Hall. And the main part of the Dabeiyuan Monastery is a series of Buddhist architecture in the East Monastery - the Dabei Hall, Grand Hall, Tianwang Hall and Dizang Hall.

Among those, the Grand Hall lies in the center of the monastery, featuring hundreds of statues made in Chinese ancient times with bronze, iron, wood and stone. Demonstrating the care and the precision of the sculptors, the statues are exquisite and artistic. Included are statues of Sakyamuni, Kwan-yin of One Thousand Hands, Maitreya and the Eighteen Arhats of the Buddha.

Dabei Hall enshrines the statue of Kwan-yin. This statue of Kwan-yin is very special with 24 arms and a pair of eyes which can perceive the front as well as both the left and the right. The wall inside Dabei Hall is painted with colorful murals, describing the life experience of Sakyamuni.

Tianwang Hall houses the statue of Buddha Maitreya, namely Future Buddha in the center. The statues of the four Heavenly King stand on the two sides, symbolizing favorable weather for the crops. Dizang Hall honors Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva and many hierarchs.

Tianjin Dabeiyuan Monastery once housed an invaluable Buddhist treasure – a piece of head bone relics of Xuanzang, an eminent monk in the Tang Dynasty (618-907). In 1956, the Buddhist relic was sent to India as a gift to embody the friendship between India and China. Now, without the top treasure, the monastery is still very popular among disciples and tourists, especially on Buddhist festivals. In addition, various tasty vegetarian foods are available there.

购物

It is well known that shopping plays a very important role whilst traveling. Tianjin has both modern shopping malls and distinctive traditional stores, both of which will fulfill your desire. Binjiang Dao Business Street and Heping Lu Business Street are the busiest and most prosperous shopping centers in Tianjin. Most of top shopping malls or department stores can be found on these two streets, like Quanye Chang, Isten Department Store, Jinhui Shopping Square, and so on, of which Quanye Chang is the most famous.

Gu Wenhua Jie needs a particular mention here. Traditionally designed stores line either side of the street, dealing in paintings, calligraphy, jade, or other renowned Chinese arts and crafts. It is a good place to find souvenirs and enjoy the architectural spectacle. To some extent Gu Wenhua Jie is like Shuyuan (Academy of Classical Learning) Gate in Xian.

A variety of Tianjin specialties will provide you many choices for commemorating your visit to this beautiful city, such as Yangliu Qingnian painting, Wejin kites, Niren Zhang painted sculptures, paper-cuts, etc. You can visit Gu Wenhua Jie, Yilin Ge, Wenyuan Ge for inspiration, and to buy.If you are willing to spend time to wander around the stores and shopping malls, you will surely find the perfect gift or memento.

Shenyang Dao Antique Market
Being the biggest antique market in China, Shenyang Dao Antique Market is filled with all kinds of shops selling porcelains, paintings, gold, silver, copper, jade articles, and so on. Points for Attention When Shopping.

本文来源：http://www.jianqiaoenglish.com/80230.html