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Call Me Melville, Based On New Word Use
Thieves may leave fingerprints at the scene of a crime. But does an author leave a metaphorical fingerprint on the book? The answer may be yes, according to a study published in the New Journal of Physics.
小偷或许会在犯罪现场留下指纹。那么，一名作家是否会在其著作上留下一枚隐性指纹？根据《物理学》杂志上刊登的一项研究，得出的结论可能是"是"。
Swedish physicists investigated how frequently authors use new words in their writing. This, they say, offers clearly identifiable patterns. The research goes against a belief held for more than 75 years that there"s a sort of universality to how frequently authors use new words.
瑞典物理学家调查了作家们在其著作当中使用新词的频率到底有多高。他们发现，这种频率提供了明确的识别模式。这项研究推翻了一个超过75年的认识，即作家们使用新词的频率具有普遍性。
Researchers analyzed books by Thomas Hardy, D.H. Lawrence, and Herman Melville. They looked at full novels, parts of novels, and a mishmash of an author"s work. In each case, they found a regular, and distinct, pattern of how frequently each writer used new words.
研究人员对托马斯•哈代、D.H.劳伦斯、赫尔曼•梅尔维尔的著作进行了分析。他们分析了每位作家的整部小说、小说当中的某些部分、以及一些琐碎文章。在每一个研究案例中，他们都发现了这些作家在使用新词的频率上有着各自规律且独特的模式。
Of course, the frequency of new words used drops off in longer novels, but the patterns of the drop-off differed and were specific to each of the three authors. The researchers call this concept a meta book-a kind of personal code that would fit any book or any work an author ever writes. Seems like to understand writers" complete works, you have to analyze their complete words.
当然，在长篇小说中，这种使用新词的频率会下降，但即使是频率的下降模式也各不相同，为三位作家所特有。研究人员将这一概念称为"隐性作品"（meta book） -- 一种个人密码，适用于一名作家写过的任何一本书或一部著作。这么看来，要想完全了解作家们的作品，你必须先彻底分析其遣词用字。
-Karen Hopkin
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